One of the primary sources of in-cabin air pollution is the vehicle’s own exhaust emissions. Combustion of fossil fuels in the engine produces pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These pollutants can enter the cabin through leaks, open windows, or the air conditioning system, exposing occupants to potentially cancer-causing substances.

Car interiors consist of various materials, such as carpets, seat covers, dashboard components, and adhesives, that can emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Over time, these VOCs can be released into the cabin air, a process known as off-gassing.

Some VOCs, such as formaldehyde and benzene, are classified as cancer-causing agent and may pose a cancer risk when consistently inhaled.

It is important to note that the level of exposure to in-cabin air pollutants may vary based on several factors. However, prolonged exposure to these pollutants increases the potential risk of developing cancer, particularly respiratory and lung cancers.

Vehicles can act as a conduit for outdoor air pollution to enter the cabin. When windows are open or air is drawn through ventilation systems, pollutants from traffic emissions, industrial activities, and other external sources can infiltrate the cabin. These pollutants may include diesel exhaust, volatile organic compounds, and fine particulate matter, all of which have potential toxic properties.

To mitigate the risk, measures such as minimizing exposure to vehicle exhaust by reducing idling time, ensuring proper vehicle maintenance, using high-quality car air purification system, and avoiding smoking inside the car are recommended.

Additionally, promoting cleaner vehicle technologies, adopting stricter emission standards, and improving urban air quality can collectively contribute to reducing in-cabin air pollution and its associated cancer risks.